A Notary Can Issue the Writ
Where a contract or acknowledgement of debt is concluded in notarial form, Georgian law permits the notary to issue a writ of execution on the debtor's default. The writ is an enforcement title in its own right and is submitted directly to the enforcement authorities.
The creditor never files a claim, never attends a hearing and never obtains a judgment. For a supplier trading regularly into Georgia, having significant agreements notarised at the outset is the highest-leverage thing that can be done - it converts every subsequent default from litigation into administration.
The National Enforcement Bureau
Enforcement is centralised in the National Enforcement Bureau, a state agency, with private enforcement agents operating alongside it. The bureau holds access to banking and registry data and can attach accounts, receivables and property.
Georgia has invested heavily in reducing administrative friction across its public services generally, and enforcement reflects that: the process is digitised, timelines are short by regional standards, and the cost is low.
Courts Where No Notarial Act Exists
Where nothing was notarised, a claim proceeds through the ordinary courts. Court fees are calculated as a proportion of the claim and are modest, and commercial matters are handled without the procedural elaboration common in the region.
Proceedings are in Georgian and documents require certified translation. That is the main practical cost for a foreign creditor, and it is worth weighing against the value of the claim before filing.
Limitation by Category
The Civil Code applies limitation periods that differ according to the nature of the obligation, with claims arising from entrepreneurial activity subject to a shorter period than general civil obligations. An aged Georgian receivable should be assessed against the commercial characterisation, which is the one that will normally apply to a supply relationship.
How Long Does a Georgian Claim Take?
| Stage | Typical Duration | Cost |
|---|---|---|
| Formal demand Written demand, negotiation | 2–4 weeks | Low |
| Notarial writ Where a notarial act exists | 2–5 weeks | Low |
| Court proceedings Where none does | 6–14 months | Medium |
| Enforcement National Enforcement Bureau | 1–3 months | Low |
How Does SXB Global Handle a Georgian Case?
We ask first whether anything was executed before a notary, because that single fact can remove the courts from the equation entirely. Where it was not, we weigh translation cost against claim value honestly before recommending proceedings - on smaller Georgian claims that arithmetic sometimes favours settlement. Where legal proceedings become appropriate, SXB Global coordinates the instruction of appropriately authorised local counsel. Legal services are provided by the relevant independent legal professionals.